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Purpose Of Liver In Human Body
The liver, the largest gland in the body, is a sponge of wedge-shaped lobes with many metabolic and secretory functions. The liver secretes bile, a digestive fluid; metabolizes proteins, carbohydrates and fats; Stores glycogen, vitamins and other substances. It combines blood clotting factors. removes waste and toxins from the blood; regulates blood volume; and destroys old blood cells.
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Liver tissue consists of many cells with blood vessels and tunnels in the blood vessels. Liver cells make up about 60 percent of tissue and perform more metabolic functions than any other group of cells in the body. Another group of cells, called Kupffer cells, line the smallest vessels of the liver’s vasculature and play a role in blood formation, antibody production, and the removal of foreign particles and cellular debris.
Each day the liver secretes about 800 to 1,000 milliliters (about 1 quart) of bile, which contains bile salts necessary for the digestion of fats from food. Bile is also a way to excrete other metabolic waste products, drugs, and toxins. The duct system from the liver carries bile to the common bile duct, which exits the duodenum of the small intestine and connects to the gallbladder, where it is concentrated and stored. The presence of fat in the duodenum stimulates the flow of bile outside the gallbladder and small intestine. Red blood cells are destroyed in the liver, spleen and bone marrow. The pigment, bilirubin, created during the breakdown of hemoglobin, is released into the bile, produces its green-orange color, and is excreted from the body through the intestines.
Liver cells make a number of enzymes. As blood flows to the liver, from the portal vein and hepatic artery, cells and enzymes are filtered out. Nutrients that enter the liver from the intestines are converted into forms that are used by the body’s cells or stored for future use. Fats are converted into fatty acids and then into carbohydrates or ketone bodies and transported by blood to the tissues, where they are metabolized. Sugar is converted into glycogen, which is stored in the liver until it is needed for energy production. It is then converted into glucose and released into the bloodstream. The liver produces blood serum proteins, including albumin and many clotting factors, and delivers them to the bloodstream. The liver also digests nitrogen-containing waste products and detoxifies them, preparing them for excretion in the urine or feces.
A common symptom of liver failure is jaundice, a yellowing of the eyes and skin caused by too much bilirubin in the blood. Jaundice can be caused by abnormal levels of red blood cell destruction (hemolytic jaundice), poor uptake or transport of bilirubin by liver cells (hepatocellular jaundice), or obstruction of the bile duct system (obstructive jaundice). Failure of hepatic cells to function can be caused by hepatitis, cirrhosis, tumor, vascular obstruction, or poisoning. Symptoms may include weakness, low blood pressure, bruising and bleeding easily, tremors, and fluid retention. Blood tests may show abnormal levels of bilirubin, cholesterol, serum protein, urea, ammonia, and various enzymes. A needle biopsy can determine the specific diagnosis of a liver problem.
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The liver is prone to various illnesses and diseases. Abscesses can be caused by acute appendicitis. Those found in the bile ducts may be the result of gallstones or may occur after surgery. The parasite that causes amebic dysentery in tropical areas can also cause liver tumors. Various other parasites found in different parts of the world also affect the liver. Liver cancer is common, often appearing as a second tumor elsewhere in the body. Glycogen storage diseases, a group of inherited disorders, cause the accumulation of glycogen in the liver and insufficient glucose in the blood. Some medications can damage the liver, causing jaundice. Anatomy of the liver. The liver is located in the upper part of the abdomen near the stomach, intestines, gallbladder and pancreas. The liver has four lobes. Two lobes are in the front and two smaller lobes (not shown) are behind the liver. The intrahepatic bile duct is a network of small tubes that carry bile.
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It is a disease in which the body’s cells are out of control. When cancer starts in the liver, it is called
Each year in the United States, about 25,000 men and 11,000 women are diagnosed with liver cancer, and about 19,000 men and 9,000 women die from the disease. The rate of Americans developing liver cancer has increased for decades, but is now decreasing. Liver cancer is more common in other parts of the world than in the United States.
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The liver is located on the upper right side of the body, behind the lower ribs. The liver performs many functions, including-
In the early stages, liver cancer may not have any visible or audible symptoms. However, as the cancer progresses, people may experience one or more of these common symptoms. It is important to remember that these symptoms can be caused by other health conditions. If you have any of these symptoms, talk to your doctor.
Prevention of Liver Cancer in Opioid Users Liver cancer can be caused by chronic infection with hepatitis C virus (HCV) or hepatitis B virus (HBV). The opioid epidemic has increased the number of people injecting drugs in the United States, which can increase the risk of transmission of HCV and HBV through sharing equipment.
The data visualization tool makes it easy for anyone to find and use the latest federal cancer data from the United States Cancer Statistics. Includes the most recent cancer data covering the US population.
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See the rates or number of new liver and intrahepatic bile duct cancers or deaths due to liver and intrahepatic bile duct cancer across the United States and each state. Also, see the top 10 cancers for men and women.
View rates or new numbers of liver and intrahepatic bile duct cancers or deaths from liver and intrahepatic bile duct cancer by race/ethnicity, sex, and age group.
See how rates of new liver and intrahepatic bile duct cancer or deaths from liver and intrahepatic bile duct cancer have changed over time in the United States and in each country.
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Liver damage usually has four stages, starting with inflammation and progressing to cirrhosis and end-stage liver disease (ESLD).
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Damage to your liver can accumulate in many stages of liver disease. Each level has a cumulative effect on your liver’s ability to function properly.
Damage from liver disease can accumulate in several stages. At each stage, your liver’s ability to function becomes more affected.
In this early stage, your liver is enlarged or swollen. Most people with hepatitis do not experience symptoms. If inflammation persists, permanent liver damage can occur.
The clogged tissue that occurs at this stage replaces the healthy liver tissue, but cannot perform the same functions. This can start to affect how well your liver works.
Functions Of Liver In Human Body
In cirrhosis, the liver becomes severely scarred, which leads to scar tissue. Because the liver does not have healthy muscles, it becomes more difficult for your liver to function properly.
Although symptoms may not be present in the early stages,
